Uninflammable and electrically-insulating liquid.



= above mentioned mixture is uninfl series such as for example trichlorobenzene .C H Cl tetra'chlorobenzene C H Ch, pen- To all whom it may concern.

-,Be it knownthat I, GEORGES LE'PINE, a.

citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Neuchatel, Canton of Neuchatel, the Confederation of Switzerland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Uninfia'minable and Electrically-Insulating Liquids, of which the following is a specification.

It has been already proposed to render partially uninflammable the oil which usually is employed as insulating material in electrical apparatus such as .oil break switches, transformers and the like, bymixing it with uninfiaminable substances.

Thereby a liquid is obtained which at. ordinary temperature and up to 100? Celsius is not inflammable, but once heated to a higher temperature becomes again inflammable because the uninflammable substance which has been added to the oil has evaporated.

The subject of the present invention consists in a liquid which contrarily to the ammable in all its parts and forms an excellent substitute for the inflammable oil usually em-' ployed in the electrical apparatus.

The liquid according to the present invent-ion' consists of at least one chlorin compound of hydrocarbons such as the olefins and the hydrocarbons of the benzene series or others. It may consist for instance of pentachlorethane (C HCl alone or mixed with one Or more chlorin compounds of the olefins such as for instance dichlorethane' (Dutch liquid) C' H Cl hexachlorethane C 01,, or of the hydrocarbons of the benzene tachlorobenzene C HCL, and hexachlorobenzene C 01 The liquid may also consist of pentachloropropane, tetrachloropropane and hexachloropropane and contain a substance capable of fixing the products of eventual decomposition, which would be noxious to the metals. This substance may advantageously consist of toluidin.

The uninflammable liquid may also consist of a mixture of pentachlorethane with a compound obtained by passing chlorin, while heated, lIlilO certain petroleum-oils containing. unsaturated hydrocarbons.

The composition of the liquid may vary.

Some examples of its composition will now;

be describe obtained which has the property of giving 5 ftake fire even when ,a. coal-gas flame is Essays have been madefor determining.

between two points which were immersed in -meters land the tension fwa's, gradually intemperature was .nearly :thatof the hand;

After cooling to ordinary'temperature o'f Q R p J p i k 3 XR 1.2351539 .3 I I l I g 5, g i UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE; r I fl v x GEORGES LEPINE, or NEUGHATEL, SWITZERLAND. UNINFLAMMABLE AND ELECTRICALLY-INSULATINGLTQUTD. Q ,235,339. Specification of Letters Patent. t nt d July 1, 1 7,

No Drawing. Application filed April 13, 1914. Serial No. 831,618. Y

. Example I. I 4 93 per cent. pentachlorethane (boiling point 160 C.)

5' dichlorethane (Dutch liquid) (84 C.

2 hexachlorethane (boiling point 185 C.) This mixture is made by first dissolv the hexachlorethane 1n the pentachlorethai and by mixlngthe obtained solution with the dlchlorethane. Thereby a viscous liquid is off "apors when it is heated at about C The characteristic odor of the vapors produced have the advantage of indicating for Y h instance, a probable perturbation of an eleci trio apparatus (break switch) in which the 70 1' liquid is employed as a substitute forthe oil Y which is usually employed. j "1 This liquid when gradually heated in an open crucible, until vapors evolve, does not directed into the vapors, but the vapors exl p tinguish the flame.

the' dielectric properties of the liquid haviing-the above named composition. These essays gaveithe following results: The electric puncture test has been made the liquid the temperature OfIWhlCh was 0 17 C. The sparking distance was 10 milli--- creased-until the first spark occurred. I The tension was furnished by a transformer of I 20 kilowatts at100000 volts at 50 cycles per second. The firstsparktook place-at 30000 volts. Y

-:The liquidwas-then submitted to another test relating to the decomposition by electric spark. About 20 sparks per minute were passed through theliquid for 20- minutes. 95 The liquid became black and opaque and. its w about 17 C. the-liquid was againsubmitted l to a puncture test under thesame conditions as before and the first, spark took place at 21400 volts. v

The insulation re'sistancefmeasuredat a tension-of 1000 volts and'at a temperature 1 of 16 is 726 megohms pe'r cubic-centimeter. I p g Emample II. Y

80 per cent. pcntachlorethane. i

18 gentachlorobenzene. v 2 exachlorobenzene with.the addition of 1 toluidin;

a I This mixture is made as follows: Y The pentachlorobenzene'and the hexachlorobenzene are dissolved in the pentachlorethane and 1 per cent. toluidin is added in order to fix the bodies which owing to decomposition would be injurious to metals and would then become electric conductors,

owing to the said decomposition.

This liquid heated in an open crucible be haves like the liquid described in the first example. It does not take fire and the escaping vapors extinguish a coal-gas flame directed into them.

The electric puncture test has been made between two points immersed in the liquid at 18 C. The spark distance between the two points varied from 2.5 to 10 mm. and the tension was gradually raised until the first spark occurred. The tension was supplied by a transformer of 20 K.W. of 100000 volts at 50 cycles per second like in the first example.

The following are some values of tensions at which the first spark occurred:

Minimal Maximal Mean of 6 Spark dmtance volts. volts. punctures.

I Vol18- 2.5 11,600 16,100 is, 650 5. 0 22, 000 22, 500 22, 300 10.0 $6,900 44,600 41,000

The insulating resistance is identical to that of, the liquid described in the first example.

E'wample Ill. I The pentachlorethane may also be mixed with a compound obtained by passing chlorin, while heated, into certain petroleum oils containing unsaturated hydrocarbons. This compound must however be distilled before being mixed with the pentachlorethane, in order to remove any hydrocarbon which would not have been transformed into a chlorinated compound.

By this mixture a viscous liquid is obtained, which is completely incombustible and is a good electrical insulator. The boiling point of this liquid variesbetween 160 and 326 C.

I claim as my invention:

1. An uninflammable and insulatin liquid comprising a mixture of pentac lorethane and a chlorin compound of the elefins.

2. An uninflammable and insulating liquid comprising a mixture of anddichloret ane.

' 3. An uninflammable and insulating liquid comprising a mixture of pentachlorethane,

dichlorethane and hexachlorethane.

4. An uninflammable and insulating liquid comprising a mixture of'93- percent. pentachlorethane, 5 per cent'. dichlorethane and 2 per cent. hexachlorethane.

In testimony whereof I have afiixed my signature in presence of two witnesses;

GEORGES LEPINE.

Witnesses:

D. Ron. DE WURTEMBERG, LOUIS H. MUMOR.

pentachlorethane 

